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Chapter 5: Art of Ancient Greece Image Links |
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Art Of Ancient Greece
A. THE EMERGENCE OF GREEK CIVILIZATION
1. A Brief History
2. Religious Beliefs and Sacred Places
3. Historical Divisions of Greek Art
B. THE GEOMETRIC PERIOD
1. Ceramic Decoration
2. Metal Sculpture
3. The First Greek Temples
C. THE ORIENTALIZING PERIOD
D. THE ARCHAIC PERIOD
1. Temple Architecture
2. Architectural Sculpture
3. Freestanding Sculpture
4. Vase Painting
E. THE TRANSITIONAL OR EARLY CLASSICAL PERIOD
1. Architectural Sculpture
2. Freestanding Sculpture
3. Vase Painting
F. THE FIFTH CENTURY CLASSICAL PERIOD
1. The Athenian Agora
2. The Acropolis
3. The Parthenon
4. Sculpture and The Canon Of Polykleitos
5. Stele Sculpture
6. Painting
G. CLASSICAL ART OF THE FOURTH CENTURY
1. Architecture and Architectural Sculpture
2. Sculpture
3. Wall Painting and Mosaics
4. The Art of
the Goldsmith
H. THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD
1. Theaters
2. The Corinthian Order in Architecture
3. Sculpture
Art Of Ancient Greece
A.
THE EMERGENCE OF GREEK CIVILIZATION top
A
Boetian Hydria from the sub-mycenaean or "proto-geometric period" c.
900 BCE.
Fig. 5-2
Sanctuary
of Apollo, Delphi, Greece
The Olympians is a beautiful site about Greek mythologies
Extraordinary
photographs of Delphi and the Temple of Apollo
3.
Historical Divisions of Greek Art top
Information about
the Geometric Period, c. 900-700 BCE., with an image of a gold
Attic Horse Pyxis
1.
Ceramic Decoration top
Fig. 5-4
Centaur,
from Lefkandi, Euboea. Late 10th century BCE. Terra-cotta, height 14 1/8" (36 cm). Archaeological Museum, Eretria
Fig. 5-5
Funerary vase, from the Dipylon Cemetery, Athens. c. 750 BCE. Terra-cotta, height 42 5/8" (108 cm). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Vase from Dipylon, detail
Cinerary Amphora, the early Geometric Period, 860-840 BCE., is from The Archaeological Museum of Kerameikos
Fig. 5-6
Man
and Centaur, perhaps from Olympia. c. 750 BCE. Bronze, height 4 5/16" (11.1 cm). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
C.
The Orientalizing Period top
Early
Corinthian Alabastrion, c. 620-590 BCE. by the "Scale Painter"
D.
The Archaic Period top
Athena,
from the Peisistratid Temple to Athena on the Acropolis, c.520 BCE.
Archaic
marble grave stele, c.560 BCE.
1.
Temple Architecture top
Fig. 5-9
Temple of Hera I, Paestum, Italy. c. 550 BCE
Images and information about the temples at Paestum, from Great Buildings On-Line
Plan
of Temple of Hera
2.
Architectural Sculpture top
Fig. 5-12
Gorgon Medusa, detail of sculpture from the west pediment of the Temple of Artemis, Korkyra. c. 580 BCE. Limestone, height of pediment at the center 9'2" (2.79 m). Archaeological Museum, Korkyra (Corfu)
Fig. 5-13
Reconstruction of the Siphnian
Treasury using fragments found in the Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi. c. 530–525 BCE. Marble
Fig. 5-14
Battle
between the Gods and Giants, fragments of the north frieze of the Treasury of the Siphnians, from the Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi. c. 530 - 525 BCE. Marble, height 26" (66 cm). Archaeological Museum, Delphi
Fig. 5-16
Dying
Warrior, sculpture from the left corner of the east pediment of the Temple of Aphaia, Aegina. c. 480 BCE. Marble, length 6' (1.83 m). Staatliche Antikensammlungen und Glyptothek, Munich
3.
Freestanding Sculpture top
This site shows a
detail of the face of Kroisos; also see a detail of the face
of the Peplos
Kore
Fig. 5-17
New York Kouros
from Attica. c. 580 BCE. Marble, height 6'4" (1.93 m). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Fig. 5-18
Anavysos Kouros,
perhaps young Kroisos, from a cemetery at Anavysos, near Athens. c. 525 BCE. Marble with remnants of paint, height 6'4" (1.93 m). National Archaeological Museum, Athens
Fig. 5-19
Berlin Kore, from a cemetery at Keratea, near Athens. 570 - 560 BCE. Marble with remnants of red paint, height 6'3" (1.9 m). Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Antikensammlung, Altes Museum, Berlin-Mitte
Fig. 5-20
Peplos
Kore, from the Acropolis, Athens. c. 530 BCE. Marble, height 48" (123 cm). Acropolis Museum, Athens
Fig. 5-21
Kore, from Chios, c. 520 BCE. Marble, height 217/8" (56.6 cm). Acropolis Museum, Athens
Fig. 5-22
Calf Bearer (Moschophoros) from the Acropolis, Athens. c. 560 BCE. Marble, height 5'5" (1.65 m). Acropolis Museum, Athens
Fig. 5-24
Ergotimos (potter) and Kleitias (painter).
Francois
Vase, c. 570 BCE. Black-figure decoration on a volute krater. Ceramic, height of volute krater 26" (66 cm). Museo Archeològico Nazionale, Florence
Fig. 5-25
Amasis Painter, Dionysos
with Maenads, c. 540 BCE. Black-figure decoration on an amphora. Ceramic, height of amphora 13" (33.3 cm). Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris
Fig. 5-26
Exekias. The Suicide
of Ajax, c. 540 BCE. Black-figure decoration on an amphora. Ceramic, height of amphora 27" (69 cm). Château-Musée, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
Fig. 5-27
"A.D." Painter. Women
at a Fountain House. 520 - 510 BCE. Black-figure decoration on a hydria. Ceramic, height of hydria 20 7/8" (53 cm). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Fig. 5-28
Euphronios (painter) and Euxitheos (potter). Death
of Sarpedon c. 515 BCE. Red-figure decoration on a calyx krater. Ceramic, height of krater 18" (45.7 cm). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
E.
THE TRANSITIONAL OR EARLY CLASSICAL PERIOD top
Girl
With Doves, a marble relief sculpture from 450-440 BCE.
1.
Architectural Sculpture top
Fig. 5-31
Apollo
with Battling Lapiths and Centaurs fragments of sculpture from the west pediment of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia. c. 460 BCE. Marble, height of Apollo 10'2" (3.1 m). Archaeological Museum, Olympia
Fig. 5-32
Athena,
Herakles, and Atlas, metope relief from the frieze of the Temple of Zeus, Olympia. c. 460 BCE. Marble, height 5'3" (1.59 m). Archaeological Museum, Olympia
Ilissos
Temple frieze from the Staatliche Museum, Berlin
2.
Freestanding Sculpture top
Kritian Boy from Acropolis, Athens. c. 480 BCE. Marble, height 46" (116 cm). Acropolis Museum, Athens
Fig. 5-34
Charioteer, from the Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi. c. 477 BCE. Bronze, height 5'11" (1.8 m). Archaeological Museum, Delphi
Fig. 5-35
Warrior A, found in the sea off Riace, Italy. c. 460 - 450 BCE. Bronze with bone and glass eyes, silver teeth, and copper lips and nipples, height 6'8" (2.03 m). Museo Archeològico Nazionale, Reggio Calabria, Italy
This may be a
statue of Paris, attributed to Euphranos
3.
Vase Painting top
A large image of an Attic
Red Figure Stamnos, c. 490 BCE., by the Kleophrades painter; the
vase painting shows Heracles Fighting the Nemean Lion; also see the
Attic
Black Figure Amphora, c. 530-520 BCE., in the manner of the Lysippides
painter, showing Heracles Fighting Two Amazons
Fig. 5-36
Pan Painter. Artemis
Slaying Actaeon. c. 470 BCE. Red-figure decoration on a bell krater. Ceramic, height of krater 14 5/8" (37 cm). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
James Fund and by Special Contribution
F.
THE FIFTH CENTURY CLASSICAL PERIOD top
Visit
the Acropolis Museum in Greece; the Museum houses the most important
works of the Greek civilization
1.
The Athenian Agora top
Fig. 5-37
Plan of the Agora (marketplace), Athens, c. 400 BCE
2.
The Acropolis top
The Acropolis,
the "sacred rock of Athens"--its use as a sanctuary of Athena, and
its excavations over the years; scroll down to view the Parthenon, the
Erechtheion, the Temple of Athena Nike, and the Propylaea. All images
can be enlarged and all are very current photographs.
Fig. 5-38
Model
of the Acropolis, Athens, c. 400 BCE
3.
The Parthenon top
The
Parthenon
Fig. 5-42
Photographic mock-up of the east pediment of the Parthenon c. 438 - 432 BCE.
Fig. 5-43
Lapith
Fighting a Centaur, metope relief from the Doric frieze on the south side of the Parthenon. c. 440s BCE. Marble, height 56" (1.42 m). The British Museum, London
Fig. 5-45
Horsemen,
detail of the Procession, from the Ionic frieze on the north side of the Parthenon. c. 438 - 432 BCE. Marble, height 41 3/4" (106 cm). The British Museum, London
Fig. 5-46
Marshals
and Young Women, detail of the Procession, from the Ionic frieze on the east side of the Parthenon. c. 438 - 432 BCE. Marble, height 43" (109 cm). Musée du Louvre, Paris
Fig. 5-47
Mnesikles. Erechtheion,
Acropolis, Athens. 430s–405 BCE. View of north porch
Fig. 5-48
Porch
of the Maidens (Caryatid Porch), Erechtheion, Acropolis, Athens. 421 - 405 BCE
Fig. 5-49
Kallikrates. Temple
of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens. c. 425 BCE
Fig. 5-50
Nike (Victory) Adjusting Her Sandal fragment of relief decoration from the parapet (now destroyed), Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens. Last quarter of the 5th century BCE. Marble, height 42" (107 cm). Acropolis Museum, Athens
Fig. 5-51
Polykleitos. Spear
Bearer (Doryphoros), Roman copy after the original bronze of c. 450–440 BCE. Marble, height 6'6" (2 m); tree trunk and brace strut are Roman additions. Museo Archeològico Nazionale, Naples
Fig. 5-52
Grave Stele of Hegeso. c. 410 - 400 BCE. Marble, height 5'9" (1.5 m). National Archaeological Museum, Athens
Demeter, Persephone, Triptolemos, stela from Eleusis
Little Girl with Birds, grave stela from Paros
Funerary stele for an Athenian woman, 5th century BCE.
8. Painting topAttic Red Figure Kylix, by the painter of Philadelphia, c. 480-470 BCE., and the potter Hieron Chiusi
Fig. 5-53
Style of Achilles Painter. Woman
and Maid. c. 450 - 440 BCE. White-ground and black-figure decoration on a lekythos. Ceramic, with additional painting in tempera, height of lekythos 15 1/8" (38.4 cm). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
G.
CLASSICAL ART OF THE FOURTH CENTURY top
A marvelous statue
of Hermes from the Vatican Museum
1. Architecture
and Architectural Sculpture top
Fig. 5-55
Tholos, Sanctuary of Athena Pronaia, Delphi. c. 400 BCE
Fig. 5-56
Plan
and section of the Tholos, Sanctuary of Athena Pronaia, Delphi
Fig. 5-57
Reconstruction drawing of the Mausoleum (tomb of Mausolos), Halikarnassos (modern Bodrum, Turkey). c. 353 BCE
Fig. 5-58
Mausolos(?), from the Mausoleum (tomb of Mausolos), Halikarnassos. Marble, height 9'10" (3 m). The British Museum, London
Fig. 5-59
Panel from the Amazon frieze, south side of the Mausoleum at Halikarnassos
Fig. 5-60
Praxiteles or his followers. Hermes
and the Infant Dionysos, probably a Hellenistic or Roman copy after a 4th-century BCE original. Marble, with remnants of red paint on the lips and hair, height 7'1" (2.16 m). Archaeological Museum, Olympia
Fig. 5-61
Praxiteles. Aphrodite
of Knidos composite of two similar Roman copies after the original marble of c. 350 BCE. Marble, height 6'8" (2.03 m). Musei Vaticani, Museo Pio Clementino, Gabinetto delle Maschere, Rome
Fig. 5-62
Lysippos. The
Scraper (Apoxyomenos), Roman copy after the original bronze of c. 330 BCE. Marble, height 6'9" (2.06 m). Musei Vaticani, Museo Pio Clementino, Gabinetto dell'Apoxyomenos, Rome
Fig. 5-63
Works by Lysippos, including Alexander the Great, head from a Hellenistic copy (c. 200 BCE) of a statue, possibly after a 4th-century BCE original by Lysippos. Marble fragment, height 16 1/8" (41 cm). Archaeological Museum, Istanbul, Turkey
Fig. 5-64
Alexander
the Great, 4 drachma coin issued by Lysimachos of Thrace. 306 -281 BCE. Silver, diameter 1 1/8" (30 mm). The British Museum, London
3.
Wall Painting and Mosaics top
A
visit to Vergina-Aigai, site of the tombs of the parents of Alexander
the Great; scroll down to see the wall painting, and click on the image
to see some fine details of the "Abduction of Persephone"
Fig. 5-66
Abduction of Persephone, detail of a wall painting in Tomb I (Small Tomb), Vergina, Macedonia. c. 366 BCE. Height approx. 39 1/2" (100.3 cm)
Fig. 5-67
Alexander the Great Confronts Darius III at the Battle of Issos from Pompeii. Roman mosaic copy after a Greek painting of c. 310 BCE, perhaps by Philoxenos or Helen of Egypt. Museo Archeològico Nazionale, Naples
Fig. 5-68
Gnosis. Stag
Hunt, mosaic floor decoration from Pella, Macedonia. 300 BCE. Pebbles, height 10'2" (3.1 m). Archaeological Museum, Pella.
4.
The Art of the Goldsmith top
"Greek Jewelry:
5000 Years of Tradition" is a spectacular show of the goldsmith's
art
Fig. 5-70
Pectoral, from the tomb of a Scythian at Ordzhonikidzel, Russia. 4th century BCE. Gold, diameter 12" (30.6 cm). Historical Museum, Kiev
H.
THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD top
A Hellenistic statue
of Sophocles from the Vatican Museum
1.
Theaters top
Fig. 5-71
Theater, Epidauros. Early 3rd century BCE and later
Images of the Theater, Epidauros
Fig. 5-72
Plan of the theater at Epidauros
Marble Funerary Stele, 1st century BCE. ("a classical alternative")
Fig. 5-74
Gallic
Chieftain Killing His Wife and Himself. Roman copy after the original bronze of c. 220 BCE. Marble, height 6'11" (2.1 m). Museo Nazionale Romano, Rome
Fig. 5-75
Epigonos(?). Dying
Gaulic Trumpeter. Roman copy after the original bronze of c. 220 BCE. Marble, lifesize. Museo Capitolino, Rome
Funerary
monument showing the dying Adonis
Fig. 5-77
Reconstructed west front of the altar from Pergamon. c. 166 - 156 BCE. Marble. Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Antikensammlung, Pergamonmuseum
Fig. 5-78
Athena
Attacking the Giants, detail of the frieze from the east front of the altar from Pergamon. Marble, frieze height 7'6" (2.3 m). Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Antikensammlung, Pergamonmuseum
Fig. 5-79
Hagesandros, Polydoros, and Athanadoros of Rhodes. Laocoön
and His Sons perhaps the original of the 2nd or 1st century BCE or a Roman copy of the 1st century CE. Marble, height 8' (2.44 m). Musei Vaticani, Museo Pio Clementino, Cortile Ottagono, Rome
Fig. 5-80
Nike
of Samothrace from the Sanctuary of the Great Gods, Samothrace. c. 190 BCE (?). Marble, height 8' (2.44 m). Musée du Louvre, Paris
Fig.5-81
Veiled
and Masked Dancer Late 3rd or 2nd century BCE. Bronze, height 8 1/8" (20.7 cm). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Bequest of Walter C. Baker, 1971 (1972.118.95)
Fig. 5-82
Old Woman 2nd century BCE. Marble, height 49 1/2" (125.7 cm). The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Rogers Fund, 1909 (09.39)
Spinario
from the Museo Conservatori in Rome
This marble statuette of Aphrodite, c.150-100 BCE., is from Benghazi in eastern Libya; Aphrodite is seen rising from the sea.
The "Harpies" present an unusual view of the famous Venus de Milo or Aphrodite of Melos
Fig. 5-83
Aphrodite
of Melos (also called Venus de Milo). c. 150 BCE. Marble, height 6'10" (2.1 m). Musée du Louvre, Paris
Fig. 5-84
Hellenistic
Ruler c. 150 - 140 BCE. Bronze, height 7'9" (2.37 m). Museo Nazionale Romano, Rome
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