Chapter 14: Population, Ecology, and Urbanization
Key Terms


This section will test your knowledge of key terms for population, ecology, and urbanization.


1.  

_________ is the study of the size, growth, and composition of the human population.

dramaturgy
ethnomethodology
demography
functionalism


2.  

A _________ displays the number of men and women for each five-year age group in a population.

fertility pyramid
population graph
population pyramid
demographic chart


3.  

In the U.S., the average birth rate is slightly less than two children per woman during a lifetime. This is below the _________ level.

replacement
natural increase
natural decrease
sex ratio


4.  

The annual number of births in a population per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years is called _________.

crude birth rate
general fertility ratio
fertility rate
replacement rate


5.  

The _________ in the U.S. is about 76 years.

life span
mortality rate
life expectancy
crude death rate


6.  

In 1997 in the U.S. , there were 3.1 million births and 2.3 million deaths. Therefore the U.S. experienced _________.

natural increase
natural decrease
net mortality
net natality


7.  

When people migrate to the U.S. to take advantage of opportunities, they are responding to _________.

push factors
emigration factors
migration effects
pull factors


8.  

_________ societies have high birth and death rates.

postindustrial
transitional
preindustrial
industrial


9.  

_________ examines the relationship between society and the environment.

demography
human ecology
Malthusian demography
Cornucopian demography


10.  

About 80 percent of Thailand's population lives in Bangkok, making Bangkok a _________.

universal city
primate city
global city
megalopolis


11.  

The _________ model states that some parts of cities grew along irregularly shaped areas moving outward from the central city.

sector
concentric zones
multiple nuclei
rail line


12.  

The giant metropolitan complex that stretches from New York City to Washington D.C. is a _________.

suburb
megalopolis
central city
primate city


13.  

Toennies used the word _________ to describe a place where social relationships are based on pragmatic practical interests.

Gemeinschaft
mechanical solidarity
organic solidarity
Gesellschaft


14.  

Large cities are _________ in that they are home to many different religious, ethnic, racial, and social groups.

dense
homogeneous
heterogeneous
primate


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